Linux file system basics

/bin: store the most commonly used executable files in the system

/boot: store the Linux kernel and system startup files, including Grub, lilo startup program

/Dev: store all device files, including hard disk, partition, mouse, USB, tty

/etc: store all configuration files of the system

/home: default location of user directory

/media: Ubuntu system automatically mounts CD-ROM, floppy drive, USB storage period, and stores temporarily read files

/mnt: This directory is usually used as a mount for mounted files. Point

Absolute path: refers to the exact location of the file in the system

Relative path: refers to the location of a file or directory relative to the user's current location

File Type

- Ordinary files

b Block input and output files

c Character device files

d Contains several files or subdirectories

l The file address is reserved, not the file itself.

p A mechanism for interprocess communication, a temporary file for interprocess communication< Br>

s Application interface for interprocess communication, communication between two computers

mkdir -p means nested creation subdirectory

column: mkdir -p dir1/Dir2/dir3

rmdir -p : Recursive delete subdirectory

Column: rmdir -p dir1/dir2/dir3 (equivalent to rm -r dir1)

chmod : Change File Properties

chmod -R changes the properties of this directory and all files below

Hard Connect: Make connections using the physical number -inode assigned to each file in Linux.

Hard: ln target link: target is the file, link is the created connection name

Soft connection: The connection is established by the path name of the file.

Soft: ln -s target link : target is the file, link is the created connection name

tar:

-x release the archive file

- c Create a new archive file

-v Display the entire process of archive and release

-f User-specified file name of the archive file, otherwise use the default name

-j Archive generated by tar, then compressed by bzip2

-z Archive generated by tar, then compressed by gzip

Column: tar -cjf example.tar example Archive all example files and use bzip2 Compress a file example.tar

tar -czf example.tar example Archive all the example files and use gzip compression to ask for a file example.tar

tar -xvzf example.tar.bz Equivalent to releasing the tar file after decompressing first

tar -xvjf example.tar.gz