As the name implies, server power refers to the power supply (POWER) used on the server. It is a kind of switching power supply like the PC (personal computer) power supply.
server power according to the standard can be divided into two kinds of ATX power supply and SSI. The ATX standard is more commonly used, mainly for desktops, workstations, and low-end servers. The SSI standard is developed with the development of server technology and is suitable for servers of various grades.
ATX Standard
The ATX standard is a specification introduced by Intel in 1997. The output power is generally between 125 watts and 350 watts. The ATX power supply usually uses a 20Pin (20-pin) double-row rectangular socket to power the motherboard. With Intel's Pentium 4 processor, the power specification has been modified from ATX to ATX12V. Compared with the ATX power supply, the ATX12V power supply mainly adds a 4Pin 12V power output to better meet the Pentium 4's power supply requirements (2GHz frequency). P4 power consumption reaches 52.4 watts).
SSI Standard
The SSI (ServerSystemInfrastructure) specification is a new server power specification introduced by Intel in conjunction with some major IA architecture server manufacturers. The SSI specification was introduced to standardize Server power technology, reduced development costs, and extended server life, including server power specifications, backplane system specifications, server chassis system specifications, and cooling system specifications.
according to the environment and the use of different sizes, SSI specification can be divided into TPS, EPS, MPS, DPS four sub-specifications.
EPS specification (EntryPowerSupplySpecification): mainly single-supply low-end server design, adhering to the design specifications of ATX power substantially, but there are some differences in electrical performance. It is suitable for power supply with rated power from 300 watts to 400 watts. It is used independently and is not used for redundancy. Later, the specification was developed to EPS12V (Version2.0), and the applicable rated power reached 450 watts to 650 watts. The most intuitive difference between it and the ATX12V power supply is that it provides a 24Pin motherboard power interface and an 8Pin CPU power interface. Lenovo Wanquan 2200C/2400C uses the EPS standard power supply, the output power is 300W, the power input voltage range is 90 ~ 264V, the power factor is greater than 0.95, due to the selection of high-standard components, its average time between failures ( MTBF) is greater than 150,000 hours.
TPS specification (ThinPowerSupplySpecification): Suitable for 180 watts to 275 watts system with PFC (power factor correction) and automatic load current distribution. The power system can realize up to 4 sets of power supply parallel redundancy work, and the system provides fan heat dissipation. The TPS power supply has high requirements for hot swap and current balance distribution. It can be used for N+1 redundant operation and has redundancy protection.
MPS specification (MidrangePowerSupplySpecification): This is defined as a power source for high-end server systems of four or more CPU. The MPS power supply is suitable for power supplies rated from 375 watts to 450 watts and can be used alone or redundantly. It has functions such as PFC and automatic load current distribution. With this power supply component voltage, current specification design and semiconductor, capacitor, inductor and other device operating temperature design margin of more than 15%. The MTBF can reach 150,000 hours at an ambient temperature of 25 degrees or more, maximum load, and redundant operation.
DPS Specification (DistributedPowerSupplySpecification): The power supply is a single 48V DC voltage output power supply system, providing a minimum power of 800 watts and an output of +48V and +12VSB.
DPS using the second power supply, the AC input through the AC-DC converter circuit outputs DC 48V, then after 48VDC DC-DC converter circuit output load required + 5V, + 12V, + 3.3V DC. This specification is mainly to simplify the power supply mode of telecom users, to facilitate the power supply of the equipment room, and to make the power supply of the IA server and the power system used by the telecommunications.
Although there exist two standard ATX and SSI server power, but with the SSI standard is more standardized, SSI specification better suited to the development of servers, server power will also later adopted SSI specifications. The SSI specification is conducive to the development of IA servers. The CPU frequency that can be supported in the future will be higher and higher, the power consumption will be larger and larger, the hard disk capacity and speed will be larger and larger, and more and more high-speed devices can be connected. . In order to reduce heat and energy, the future SSI server power supply will be developed in the direction of low voltage, high power, high density, high efficiency and distributed.
server uses considerable parts, supported CPU 4 can be achieved even more, can be mounted hard disk range of 4 to 10, the memory capacity can be extended to as much as 10GB, these accessories are It is a large energy consumer. For example, the Xeon (Xeon) processor is used in mid- to high-end industrial standard servers, and its power consumption has reached 80 watts (W), and each SCSI hard disk consumes 10 watts (W). Above, so the power required by the server system is much higher than that of the PC. Generally, a PC with 200 watts of power is sufficient, and the server requires more than 300 watts up to a kilowatt of high-power power.
in the actual selection, different applications require different server power, like the telecommunications industry, securities and finance, emphasizing the stability and security of data systems, and thus to have a high power server reliability. At present, high-end servers use redundant power supply technology. It has functions such as current sharing and failover, which can effectively avoid the impact of power failure on the system and achieve 24×7 non-stop operation. The more common redundant power supply is N+1 redundancy, which can ensure that the system will not be paralyzed in the event of a power failure (the probability of two or more power failures occurring at the same time is very small). Redundant power supplies are often combined with hot-swap technology, which is a hot-swappable redundant power supply that removes the failed power supply and replaces it with a good power supply while the system is running, greatly improving the stability and reliability of the server system. Sex.
when buying a server to take note of the unit's power, at least, should focus on the following two points: the quality
1. power supply, including power output, efficiency, ripple noise, timing, protection circuits and other indicators of whether compliance or to meet needs;
2. Note that the power supply manufacturer's reputation, size and support, better reputation, a larger scale, support timely manufacturers, such as Delta, FSP, the new giant Wait, the quality is generally reliable, and it will be much better in terms of cost performance. When purchasing, you can refer to the following indicators:
Power selection: 300W and 400W are common in the market. For individual users, 300W is enough, but for the server, because Faced with upgrades and ever-increasing disk arrays, more power is needed to support it, and a 400W power supply should be appropriate for this purpose.
Safety certification: Only strict consideration of product quality, consumer safety, health and other factors, the product is strictly tested according to different standards, in order to pass the international certification, safety certification is our choice An important indicator of the purchase of power, this should be the most important point when we choose the power supply. Because it is related to our safety and health. A bad power supply is very noisy and has an impact on the human body. Saving hundreds of dollars in this area is not worth the candle. Today's power supplies are required to pass 3C certification.
(3C certification is the abbreviation of "China CompulsoryCerlification". It is actually CCEE (China Electronic and Electrical Products Safety Certification), CCIB (China Imported Electronic Product Safety Certification), EMC ( Electromagnetic compatibility certification) Three certificates are combined to enforce 3C certification after May 1, 2003.)
Voltage holding time: For this parameter, the problem of UPS is mainly considered, and the general power supply can meet the needs. However, if the UPS quality is not reliable, it is best to choose a power supply with a long voltage hold.
redundant power supply options: This is the main server for higher system stability requirements, generally two redundant and the redundant triple redundancy.
support for the motherboard: This factor looks unimportant, but also rare in a home PC, but this phenomenon exists but in the server, and therefore should pay attention to when buying.