Linux cluster principle and installation configuration

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We have a lot of problems to solve when using Linux clusters. In fact, the most important problem is the understanding and installation process of Linux clusters. Then everyone will learn about the principle of installing Linux clusters, which will help a lot in the future work.

Principles of Linux Clusters

Linux cluster systems include cluster nodes and cluster managers. A cluster node, sometimes referred to as a node, server, or server node, is a system that provides processing resources, and it performs the actual work of the cluster. In general, it must be configured to be part of a cluster and must run clustered applications. Application software can be software dedicated to clustering or standard software designed for distributed systems. The Linux Cluster Manager is a logical structure that bundles nodes together to form a single system look and feel, which is used to decompose tasks into all nodes.

Clusters have different types for different reasons. The most direct reason for setting up a Linux cluster is to share CPU resources, balance the load among multiple machines, gain more system reliability, or A backup system (handover) is provided when the host fails.

Through the analysis of related software, the function of implementing cluster load is realized through traffic management. There are several implementation methods: Direct Forwarding, Network Address Translation (NAT) and tunneling technology ( Tunneling).

Direct Forwarding is a method that can be used when the computers participating in the cluster are on the same network segment as the computers under control management. When the control management computer receives the request packet, it directly sends it to the nodes participating in the cluster. Its advantage is that the traffic returned to the customer does not pass through the control host, and the speed is fast and the overhead is small.

Maybe everyone is familiar with Network Address Translation (NAT). The address translator has a legal IP address that can be accessed by the outside world. It modifies the address of the outgoing packet from the private network. The external packet appears to be from the address translator itself. When the outer packet is sent to the converter, it can determine which node of the intranet should be sent to the packet. Its advantage is that it saves IP addresses and can masquerade internally; the disadvantage is that it is inefficient because the traffic returned to the requester goes through the converter.

Tunneling This is the forwarding mechanism used by Linux cluster nodes when they are not in the same network segment. IP packets are encapsulated in other network traffic. From a security perspective, you should use a VPN in the tunneling technology or use a leased line.

The services that Linux clusters can provide are TCP/IP-based Web services, Mail services, News services, DNS services, and Proxy servers. Below I will implement a load-balanced Linux cluster system with a specific product TurboLinux Cluster Server to provide Web and FTP services.

Linux Cluster Planning

1. Provided services: Web, FTP.

2. Do a more complete load balancing system so that you can use more of them. Features.

3. Use 4 servers, 3 of which install TurboLinux Cluster Server and 1 install Windows 2000 Sever.

Linux cluster installation

1.On 3 servers To install Turbo Linux, you also need to install Apache and wu-ftpd, because Linux clusters provide this service. After the installation is complete, restart the machine and mount the CD-ROM drive in the directory /mnt/cdrom and execute it. /TLCS-install, then follow the prompts to fully install.

2. Install Windows 2000 Server on one server, and also install Internet Information Server 5.0.

Configure Linux Cluster Manager

1. Set up each server IP address, subnet mask, routing, etc., adjust the network, and set up a TurboLinux server as a DNS server, enabling it to resolve forward and reverse. The server name is pc1 and the domain is test.com.

2. Configure Cluster Server. Execute TurboLinuxclusteradmin. The settings are as follows (the hyphen is connected to the menu option or its subordinate menu, after the colon is set) :

(1) ClusterServer Configuration-Cluster Services-Application Stability Agents:

http is the default service, no need to set.

ftp:/usr/lib/ftpAgent

(2) ClusterServer Configuration--Cluster Services--Service Settings:

http,80:TCP,sticky.

ftp,21:TCP,ftp.

(3)ClusterServer Configuration--Servers Configuration:

pc1 (pc1.test.com),direct,ping

pc2 (pc2.test.com), direct, ping

pc3 (pc3.test.com), direct, ping

pc4 (pc4.test.com), direct, ping

(4)ClusterServer Configuration--Advance Traffic Managers:

Advance Traffic Manager System:pc1.test.com

Advance Traffic Manager Setting: Default

(5) ClusterServer ConfigurationàVirtual Severs:

The host is: pc1.test.com

sendmail:master@pc1 .test.com

Server pool name: Server Group1

(6)ClusterServer ConfigurationàGloble Settings:

Network Settings: netmask 255.255.255.0

Configuring Cluster Nodes

1. Configuring Windows 2000 Server Node

Because TurboLinux Cluster Server itself can be automatically synchronized by tools, so long as you configure Windows 2000 Server can.

(1) Start → Settings & Rarr; Control Panel & Rarr; Add New Hardware & Rarr; Next & Rarr; Add/Exclude Device Faults & Rarr; Add New Device & Rarr; No, Select Hardware & Rarr from List; Equipment → Microsoft: Microsoft Loopback Adapter & rarr; completed.

(2) Right click on the desktop and select Network Neighborhood → Properties & Rarr; TCP/IP, set IP address, default gateway, subnet mask (set to 255.255.255.0).

(3) Start → Run → regedit & rarr; find the registry related to the Microsoft Loopback Adapter, change the subnet mask to 255.255.255.255.

(4) Configuration The system runs the appropriate services and configures the configuration that is appropriate for cluster manager management so that it can be used in the Control Manager.

2. Configuring Turbo Linux Cluster Server Node

(1) Select tlcs_content _sync in the management menu to perform content synchronization, enter the node machine password to be configured, and copy the service content in the cluster manager. To the node.

(2) In the management menu, select tlcs_ config _sync to perform setup synchronization, enter the node machine password to be configured, and copy the settings in the cluster manager to the node.

At this point, we can already see the running status on the cluster manager PC1, the client can be connected to the switch of the server, and the client can request the Web and FTP services.