Explain the bridge application in Win XP (1)

        Bridge, the term sounds familiar and unfamiliar. What exactly is it? In fact, a bridge is an inexpensive and convenient way to connect to a local area network (LAN) segment. To understand how a bridge works, you need to first understand the LAN segment. A LAN segment is a single part of the network media that is connected to a computer. For example, suppose you have three computers: Computer A, Computer B, and Computer C. Computer A has two Ethernet cards, and computers B and C each have an Ethernet card. An Ethernet cable connecting A and B will create a LAN segment. Another Ethernet cable connecting A and C will create another LAN segment. Traditionally, if you need a network with multiple segments, you have two choices: routing and bridging. IP routing is a common solution for connecting network segments. However, to install IP routing, you need to purchase a hardware router or install a computer at the junction between the segments to use as a router. For each computer on each network segment, IP routing requires complex configuration of IP addressing, and each network segment needs to be configured as a separate subnet. IP routing is a solution for large networks where scalability is important and requires experienced personnel to configure and maintain the network. Hardware bridging solutions do not necessarily have complex configurations like IP routing, but they require the purchase of additional hardware bridges. If it's a home or small office network, these two options are not ideal. You are not willing to buy expensive bridge hardware, nor are you willing to ask experienced people to manage the IP routing network. Instead, the bridge allows the LAN segment to be connected by selecting the appropriate network connection icon and clicking "Bridge." A similar button allows you to enable the bridge and add a connection to the bridge. The bridge manages the LAN segments of the entire network and creates a single subnet. No configuration is required and no additional hardware (such as routers or bridges) is required. IP addressing, address allocation, and name resolution are highly simplified in a single subnet IP network. Bridges can create connections between different types of network media. In traditional networks, if you use a mixed media type, each media requires a separate subnet and packet forwarding between multiple network subnets is required. Because different media types use different protocols, packet forwarding is required. The Bridge automatically performs the required configuration to forward information from one media type to another. There can only be one bridge on a Windows XP machine, but you can use it to bridge the network connections that are actually allowed on all computers. The Bridge uses the IEEE Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) to establish a loop-free forwarding topology. When there are multiple paths in the bridged network, the loop can be formed, and the simple forwarding rule of the bridge will cause a forwarding storm, that is, the same frame will be relayed from one bridge to the other. The STA provides an automatic mechanism to selectively disable bridge forwarding on a single port when necessary to ensure that the forwarding topology is acyclic. For spanning tree algorithms, it is not necessary to configure a bridge. Said so much, then in the end how ordinary users install and set up and use the bridge, please listen to me in detail below: First, create a bridge: Open "Network Connection" (To open "Network Connection", click "Start", point to "Settings", then double-click "Control Panel", click "Network and Internet Connection", and then click "Network Connection". 2. Under "LAN or High Speed ​​Internet," select each private network connection that you want to use as part of the bridge. 3. Right-click one of the highlighted private network connections and click Bridge. Second, add the connection to the bridge 1. Open "Network Connections". 2. Under Bridge, right-click Bridge, and then click Properties. 3. On the General tab, under Adapters, select the check boxes for each adapter you want to add to the bridge, and then click OK. Third, enable or disable the bridge 1. Open a network connection. 2. Under "Bridge", right click on "Bridge" and select one of the following: 3. To enable "Bridge", click "Enable". 4. To disable "Bridge", click "Disable". Fourth, remove the connection from the bridge 1. Open a network connection. 2. Under Bridge, right-click Bridge, and then click Properties. 3. On the General tab, under Adapters, select the check box next to the adapter you want to remove, and then click OK.

However, here are a few things to note: You must be logged in as an administrator or a member of the Administrators group to complete the process. If your computer is connected to a network, network policy settings can also prevent you from completing this step; you must select at least two qualifying network connections to create a bridge using Bridging; Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) or Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) is enabled The adapter cannot be part of the bridge and will not appear in the bridge list. Similarly, the Add to Bridge menu command is only available for adapters that can be added as a connection to a bridge; only Ethernet, IEEE-1394 adapters or Ethernet compatible adapters such as wireless, and Home Phone Line Adapter (HPNA) are available. Be part of the bridge; if ICF or Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) is not enabled, do not create a bridge between the public Internet connection and the private network connection, or add a public Internet connection to an existing bridge. Doing so creates an unprotected link between your network and the Internet, so your network is vulnerable; you can only create one bridge on a single computer, but the bridge can accommodate countless network connections; you can't run Windows Bridges are created on computers with Windows 2000 or earlier; if the adapter is removed from the bridge and there are fewer than two adapters retained, the bridge will not perform the intended function, but will continue to use system resources; when previously displayed at " When a network adapter under LAN or High Speed ​​Internet is added as a connection, it will appear under "Bridge". Network adapters that provide Internet connectivity (such as DSL and cable modems) cannot be bridged and will always appear under "LAN or High Speed ​​Internet"; bridges must be created using "Bridge" before enabling the bridge; if the bridge is disabled, Computers on the network will not be able to communicate with computers on other network segments. Some computers on the network may also interrupt the Internet connection; if the adapter is removed from the bridge and there are fewer than two reserved adapters, the bridge will not perform the intended function, but will continue to use system resources; at least two The adapter is connected to the bridge to guarantee its function; if the "Network Connections" folder is open, you can also delete the network connection from the bridge. Under "Bridge", right-click the adapter you want to delete, and then click "From Bridge" Remove "; if the adapter is removed from the bridge and there are fewer than two adapters reserved, the bridge will not perform the intended function, but will continue to use system resources. Bridges that use wireless or IEEE-1394 connections only support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) communication; Internet connection sharing, Internet connection firewall, discovery and control, and bridges are available in Windows XP 64-Bit Edition . So what kind of effect can the bridge achieve and what application value? In fact, the bridging group policy can be performed through the bridge. The general idea is that the "bridge" allows the computer administrator to create a bridge across two or more network connections, so that network communication can be connected through all the networks included in the bridge, as if All of these connections are part of the same network subnet. The Group Policy settings define the various components of the user's desktop environment that the system administrator needs to manage. It is forbidden to install and configure on your DNS domain network, use the bridge to determine if a computer user with administrative privileges can enable "bridge" on the DNS domain network. The "bridge" menu command "Bridge" is only available when there are two or more network adapters. By default, "bridge" is disabled, but the administrator can enable it using the menu on the network connection icon. If you enable the "Install, configure, use bridge" setting on your DNS domain network to prevent the use of "bridge" on the domain network, because the "Bridge" command has been removed from the menu of the network connection icon, So you can't create a "bridge." Disable computer users with limited permissions to configure the "bridge" regardless of the setting. If the "bridge" already exists on the computer on the network before the policy is enabled, then because the setting knows Location, so this bridge will continue to exist. This setting is only applied when the computer is connected to the same DNS domain network that was connected to when the setting was last refreshed. If a computer (such as a laptop) is connected to your DNS domain network,

But the last time this setting on your computer was refreshed on another network, this setting on your network will not be applied to that computer.